Description of Masbooq and Lahiq

Masbooq

A person who does not get one or more Raleats with the Imam in the beginning is called a Masbooq. A Masbooq should remain in prayer with the Imam till the end of the prayer. When the Imam concludes the prayer by bidding the concluding Salam, the Masbooq should not bid Salam with the Imam. He should get up and offer the missed Ra/eats of his prayer in such a way, as though he has just started the prayer. For example, if he has missed only one Rak`at, then on getting up after the Imam's Salam, he should recite (Sana), (A-`oo-zu bil-laah) and all ,(Bismiliah), then the Surah Fatiha, followed by another Su-rah of the Holy Quran. After this completing the Rak`at ac-cording to the prescribed rules, he should sit down for the 0atlah (i.e. sitting) and bid the concluding Salam. This is the usual way of completing every Rak`at of any missed prayer. If the Masbooq has missed two Rak`ats of the Zuhr, `Asr,`Isha or the Fajr prayer, then after reciting (Sana), (Ta-`aw-wuz), and (Tasmiyah), he should recite Surah Fatiha and another Surah of the Holy Quran in the first Rak`at, and Surah Fatiha and another Surah of the Holy Quran in the second Rak`at. Thereafter he should perform ts, (Genuflexion), (prostration), then sit down for the Qa`dah and bid the concluding Salam. If the Masbooq could get only one Rak`at with the Imam in the Zuhr, `Asr, or `Isha. prayer, he should complete his three Rak`ats thus: After reciting Surah Fatiha and another Surah of the Holy Quran, he should sit for the Qa`dah to complete the first missed Rak`at. Then he should offer the second Rak`at with Surah Fatiha and another Surah and then complete the third Rak`at .with Surah Fatiha only and bid Salam. If he was able to get with the Imam only one Rak`at of the Maghrib prayer, then he should complete one Rak`at by reciting Surah Fatiha and another Surah and perform the Qa`dah. Then he should also complete the second Rak`at with Surah Fatiha with another Surah and Qa`dah and Salam as usual.

In other words, if a Namazi gets only one Rak`at with the imam, he should perform the Qa`dah after one Rak`at of his own prayer, whichsoever the prayer may be.

Lahiq

 Lahiq is that Namazi who has missed one or more Rak`ats of the prayer after joining the congregation behind an Imam. For example, a man entered the prayer in time under an Imam but fell asleep while sitting in the Qa`dah and remained sleeping until the Imam prayed one or two Rak`ats.

In such a situation the Lahiq should pray his missed Rak`ats independently of the Imam, but in the same way as he would pray under the Imam, i.e. without reciting a surah, and when he has thus completed his missed Rak`ats then he should complete the remaining Rak`ats of the prayer with the Imam. If the Imam has already completed the prayer then the Lahiq should complete the remaining Rak`ats of his prayer in the same way as he would pray under the Imam.

In such a situation if he commits some mistake calling for a (prostration of forgetfulness) he should not perform that prostration because he is still a Muqtadi (follower Namazi) and a Muqtadi is not liable for Sajdah Sahw. (Taa limul Islam by Mufti Kifayatullah)